ConstantID

Universal constants

The speed of light, the Planck constant, gravity and the constants of empty space: the ones that do not belong to any one particle.

Universal G Gravitational constant 6.674 30(15) × 10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2 Universal exact h Planck constant 6.626 070 15 × 10−34 J Hz−1 Universal exact ℏ Reduced Planck constant 1.054 571 817… × 10−34 J s Universal exact c Speed of light 299 792 458 m s−1 Universal ε0 Electric constant 8.854 187 8188(14) × 10−12 F m−1 Universal μ0 Magnetic constant 1.256 637 061 27(20) × 10−6 N A−2

All 16 values

SymbolQuantityValue (uncertainty)UnitRel. unc.
Z0 Characteristic impedance of vacuum 376.730 313 412(59) Ω 1.6 × 10−10
G Newtonian constant of gravitation 6.674 30(15) × 10−11 m3 kg−1 s−2 2.2 × 10−5
G/ℏc Newtonian constant of gravitation over h-bar c 6.708 83(15) × 10−39 (GeV/c2)−2 2.2 × 10−5
h Planck constant 6.626 070 15 × 10−34 J Hz−1 exact
h Planck constant in eV/Hz 4.135 667 696… × 10−15 eV Hz−1 exact
lP Planck length 1.616 255(18) × 10−35 m 1.1 × 10−5
mP Planck mass 2.176 434(24) × 10−8 kg 1.1 × 10−5
mPc2 Planck mass energy equivalent in GeV 1.220 890(14) × 1019 GeV 1.1 × 10−5
TP Planck temperature 1.416 784(16) × 1032 K 1.1 × 10−5
tP Planck time 5.391 247(60) × 10−44 s 1.1 × 10−5
ℏ Reduced Planck constant 1.054 571 817… × 10−34 J s exact
ℏ Reduced Planck constant in eV s 6.582 119 569… × 10−16 eV s exact
ℏc Reduced Planck constant times c in MeV fm 197.326 9804… MeV fm exact
c Speed of light in vacuum 299 792 458 m s−1 exact
ε0 Vacuum electric permittivity 8.854 187 8188(14) × 10−12 F m−1 1.6 × 10−10
μ0 Vacuum magnetic permeability 1.256 637 061 27(20) × 10−6 N A−2 1.6 × 10−10